🌍 [Day 16] 전치사·관용표현 완전정리 – By / With / Of / In / At 구별 공식

2025.10.15 - [영어 시험준비/토익 파트5 연습] - 💡 [Day 15] 품사 혼동 어휘 완전정리

💡 [Day 15] 품사 혼동 어휘 완전정리

복습퀴즈

✅ Correct answer: ③ efficiently

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🔍 Explanation (English)

• The sentence says: The project was completed ____ and successfully.
• The word before and successfully must be a word of the same type → successfully is an adverb, so we need another adverb.
• The adverb form of efficient is efficiently.

👉 The project was completed efficiently and successfully.

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Option analysis:
1️⃣ efficiency ❌ — noun, not suitable here.
2️⃣ efficient ❌ — adjective, but we need an adverb.
3️⃣ ✅ efficiently — adverb; correctly matches successfully.
4️⃣ efficientness ❌ — uncommon and incorrect in this context.

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🇰🇷 한국어 해설

정답은 ③ efficiently 입니다.

• 문장에 이미 successfully(성공적으로) 가 있으므로,
  그 앞에도 부사(Adverb) 형태가 와야 합니다.
• efficient(형용사) → efficiently(부사) 로 바꿔야 문법적으로 맞습니다.

보기 설명:
1️⃣ efficiency → 명사 ❌
2️⃣ efficient → 형용사 ❌
3️⃣ ✅ efficiently → 부사 ✔
4️⃣ efficientness → 거의 쓰이지 않는 단어 ❌

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👉 올바른 문장:
The project was completed efficiently and successfully.
→ 그 프로젝트는 효율적이고 성공적으로 완료되었다.

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🌍 [Day 16] 전치사·관용표현 완전정리 – By / With / Of / In / At 구별 공식

시리즈: 토익 Part 5 완전정복 | 실전 표현편

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✅ 1️⃣ 전치사는 ‘위치 관계’보다 ‘의미 관계’

전치사는 단어 하나하나 뜻을 외우기보다
👉 “무엇과 함께 자주 쓰이는지(콜로케이션)” 로 익히는 게 중요합니다.

예를 들어,

“interested in”, “depend on”, “responsible for”
처럼 동사 + 전치사 / 형용사 + 전치사 세트로 기억해야 합니다.

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✅ 2️⃣ By / With 구별 공식

 

전치사	의미	쓰임	예시
by	행위자, 수단, 방법	수동태 / 교통수단 / 방법	The book was written by Tom. He goes to work by bus. You can pay by card.
with	도구, 수단, 함께함	물리적인 도구 / 사람과 함께	He cut the paper with scissors. She went there with her friends.

💡 구별 포인트:

• by → 방법, 수단 (비가시적 수단)
• with → 실제 사용하는 도구 (가시적 수단)

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✅ 3️⃣ Of / For / To 구별 공식

 

전치사	의미	자주 쓰이는 표현	예시
of	소유, 관련, 구성	made of / consist of / full of / aware of	The bottle is made of glass. She is aware of the issue.
for	목적, 이유, 대상	responsible for / famous for / apply for / look for	He is responsible for the project. She applied for the job.
to	방향, 대상, 전달	belong to / refer to / respond to / according to	The key belongs to me. According to the report, sales increased.

💡 정리 암기법:

🔹 of = ~의 (소유)
🔹 for = ~을 위해 (목적)
🔹 to = ~에게, ~로 (방향)

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✅ 4️⃣ In / On / At 핵심 구별

 

전치사	의미	시간 / 장소 / 추상	예시
in	안에 (넓은 범위)	in the morning / in Seoul / in 2025	He lives in Busan.
on	표면 위에 (중간 범위)	on the table / on Monday / on the wall	The file is on the desk.
at	점 위치 (좁은 범위)	at the station / at 5 p.m. / at home	I’ll meet you at the station.

💡 공간감으로 암기

in (넓은 공간) → on (표면 접촉) → at (정확한 점)

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✅ 5️⃣ 토익 빈출 “형용사 + 전치사” 세트

 

형용사	전치사	예시
interested	in	He is interested in art.
familiar	with	She is familiar with the system.
responsible	for	He is responsible for sales.
capable	of	She is capable of handling the task.
similar	to	This design is similar to ours.
dependent	on	They are dependent on donations.
aware	of	Are you aware of the change?
good / bad	at	He is good at English.

💡 암기 꿀팁

“감정 형용사 + at/in/with/to” 패턴은 거의 고정입니다!
(ex. angry at, surprised at, pleased with, similar to)

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✅ 6️⃣ 토익 빈출 “동사 + 전치사” 세트

 

동사	전치사	예시
rely	on	We rely on teamwork.
depend	on	The result depends on your effort.
consist	of	The committee consists of 10 members.
apply	for	He applied for the scholarship.
apply	to	The rule applies to all employees.
deal	with	We must deal with the issue quickly.
wait	for	I’m waiting for the bus.
refer	to	Please refer to the manual.
result	in / from	The delay resulted in losses. The problem resulted from an error.

💡 result in vs result from 구별

• result in = ~을 초래하다 (결과)
• result from = ~로부터 발생하다 (원인)

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✅ 7️⃣ 예제 문제

(1) The report was written ____ the research team.
① from ② by ③ of ④ with

(2) The container is made ____ plastic.
① for ② from ③ of ④ to

(3) She is responsible ____ preparing the documents.
① to ② on ③ of ④ for

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✅ 8️⃣ 해설

(1) 행위자 표시 → ✅ by
(2) 재료 그대로 남음 → made of → ✅ ③
(3) be responsible for → ✅ ④

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✅ 9️⃣ 복습 퀴즈

Choose the correct answer:
The manager is familiar ____ the new software.
① to ② of ③ with ④ by

👇 댓글로 정답 남겨주세요!
(정답은 [Day 17]에서 공개 🎯)

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📘 다음 편 예고

👉 [Day 17] 형용사절·부사절 실전 정리 – 관계사 & 접속사 구문 총정리
Part 5의 문장 구조 마무리로 ‘길지만 답은 짧게 나오는 문제’ 정복 🔥

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🏷️ 태그

#토익Part5 #토익문법 #전치사 #bywith #inaton #관용표현 #토익RC #토익공부법

 

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2025.10.15 - [영어 시험준비/토익 파트5 연습] - 🧩 [Day 17] 형용사절·부사절 실전 정리 – 관계사 & 접속사 완전정복

🧩 [Day 17] 형용사절·부사절 실전 정리 – 관계사 & 접속사 완전정복